Neapolis, the new city, was founded in 72 AD by the Flavian Emperors, as part of the Roman dynasty. Built on the northern slope of Mount Gerizim, around 2 km west of Tell Balata, the Roman city was marked on the Madaba map as early as the sixth century AD. Over the years, the original Greek name, Neapolis, was Arabicised into the city’s modern name, Nablus. It was printed on the first city coins issued during the reign of Domitian and Marcus Aurelius. The city developed into a major centre in the second century AD. Major building projects were launched, including the hippodrome, the theatre, and other public buildings. A Roman temple dedicated to Zeus was erected on Mount Gerizim during the reign of Antonius Pius. During the reign of Philip the Arab, the city of Neapolis was raised to the status of a Roman colony: Colonia Flavia Iulia Sergia Neapolis.
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